Chapter 5: Montessori Mathematics (Ganit ka Jadu)

Concrete Learning to Abstract Thinking | AIINTT MNTT Guide 2026

Zyadatar bacche Maths se darte hain kyunki numbers sirf kagaz par dikhte hain. Montessori mein baccha 1 ko sirf ek laker nahi, balki ek thos (solid) cheez ki tarah mehsus karta hai.

1. Mathematics ke 4 Stages

Montessori mein Maths ko in char steps mein padhaya jata hai:

🔸 Numbers 1 to 10: Pehle 1 se 10 ki buniyad.
🔸 Decimal System: Golden Beads se Units aur Thousands ki samajh.
🔸 Counting beyond 10: 11 se 100 aur usse aage ki ginti.
🔸 Operations: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication aur Division.

2. Montessori Maths Materials

A. Number Rods (Red and Blue Rods):

10 rods jinmein sabse choti 10cm (1 unit) aur sabse badi 1 meter (10 units) ki hoti hai. Baccha dekh sakta hai ki '10' asliyat mein '1' se kitna bada hota hai.

B. Spindle Box & Zero Concept:

Ismein 0 se 9 tak ke compartments hote hain. Jab '0' wala khana khali rehta hai, toh baccha samajh jata hai ki Zero ka matlab "Kuch nahi" (Nothing) hota hai.

C. Golden Bead Material (Famous System):

Ismein sone ke rang ke moti (beads) hote hain jo quantity ko visualize karne mein madad karte hain:

1 Unit: Ek akela moti.

1 Ten: 10 motiyon ki ladi (Bar).

1 Hundred: 10 ladiyon ka square.

1 Thousand: 10 squares ka bada cube.

3. Decimal System kaise seekhte hain?

Visualizing Quantity

Agar bacche ko 3425 padhna hai, toh wo 3 Thousand ke cubes, 4 Hundred ke squares, 2 Tens ki bars aur 5 Units ke moti uthayega. Usey mehsoos hota hai ki "Thousands" kitna bhari aur bada hota hai.

4. Mathematical Operations (Jod aur Ghatana)

Montessori mein Addition ka matlab hai: "Putting things together" (Cheezon ko milana).

Activity: Ek bacche ko "2 Tens" aur dusre ko "3 Tens" diye jate hain. Dono ko milane par baccha ginta hai ki ye "5 Tens (50)" ho gaye hain. Bina pen-paper ke baccha addition seekh jata hai.

5. Memory Games in Maths

"Secret Number" Game: Teacher bacche ko ek chit deti hai aur bacche ko classroom se utni hi cheezein (E.g. 5 pencils) dhund kar lani hoti hain. Isse counting aur memory tez hoti hai.

AIINTT Montessori Message

Montessori Maths bacche ke dimaag ko "Logical" banati hai. Jab baccha cheezon ko gin aur chhu sakta hai, toh uska Maths ka darr hamesha ke liye khatam ho jata hai.

This module is a part of the professional training program of All India Institute of Nursery Teacher Training (AIINTT).