CHILD PSYCHOLOGY & GUIDANCE

Chapter 17: Aam Vyavharik Samasyaein

Common Behavior Problems: Bachon ki Aadatein aur unka Samadhan

Bachpan mein kuch aadatein normal hoti hain, lekin agar wo zaroorat se zyada badh jayein, toh unhe psychology ki madad se sudharna padta hai.

1. Angutha Choosna (Thumb Sucking)

Karan: Bache aksar tab angutha chooste hain jab wo darr, bhook ya neend mein hote hain. Yeh unhe **Security (Suraksha)** ka ehsas dilata hai.

Nuksan: Lambe samay tak aisa karne se daant tede ho sakte hain aur mooh ki banavat bigad sakti hai.

Solution: Bache ko dante nahi. Jab wo angutha na choos raha ho, toh uski tareef karein. Use clay modeling ya drawing jaisi activities mein busy rakhein.

2. Zidd Karna (Temper Tantrums)

Karan: 2 se 5 saal ke bache aksar zidd karte hain kyunki wo apni azadi chahte hain ya apni baat sahi se samjha nahi paate.

Solution: Zidd karne par turant mang puri na karein. Shant rahein aur use "Cool down" hone ka waqt dein. Use hamesha दो विकल्प (Two Options) dein taaki use lage ki faisla uska hai.

3. Darna (Childhood Fears)

Karan: Andhere, anjan logo, ya bade janwaron se darr. Kabhi-kabhi unki kalpana (Imagination) itni tez hoti hai ki wo nakli chizon se bhi darne lagte hain.

Solution: Bache ke darr ka mazak na udayein. Use dhire-dhire us chiz ka samna karne mein madad karein. School mein ek bharosemand mahol dein.

Nursery Teacher ke liye Professional Tips

Observation: Dekhein ki bacha ye sab kab karta hai. Kya wo thakne par zyada zidd karta hai?
Positive Reinforcement: Galat vyavhar par saza dene se behtar hai ki achhe vyavhar par inaam (jaise ek star ya chocolate) dein.
Parent-Teacher Meeting: Parents se baat karein ki ghar ka mahol kaisa hai, kyunki aksar ghar ki tension bacha school mein dikhata hai.

Exam Special: Practice Questions

Q1. Angutha choosne ka mukhya karan kya ho sakta hai?

(A) Bhook | (B) Suraksha ka ehsas (Security) | (C) Dono (A) aur (B)

Sahi Jawab: (C) Dono (A) aur (B)

Q2. "Temper Tantrum" (Zidd) ko handle karne ka sabse sahi tarika kya hai?

(A) Bache ko marna | (B) Shant rehna aur ignore karna | (C) Turant uski mang puri karna

Sahi Jawab: (B) Shant rehna aur ignore karna

Provided by All India Institute of Nursery Teacher Training (AIINTT) - New Delhi