SPEECH & COMMUNICATION
Chapter 15: Bhasha ka Vikas
Language Development: Rone se lekar Vakya bolne tak ka Safar
Bhasha ka vikas janm ke waqt rone se shuru hota hai. Yeh ek mansik aur samajik prakriya hai jisse bacha duniya se judta hai.
1. Bhasha Vikas ke Mukhya Charan (Stages)
| Umarr | Stage ka Naam | Bache ki Activity |
|---|---|---|
| 0-3 Mahine | Crying (Rona) | Bhook ya dard hone par rona. |
| 3-6 Mahine | Cooing | "Koo-koo" jaisi pyaari awaazein nikalna. |
| 6-10 Mahine | Babbling | Ek hi shabd dohrana (Ma-ma, Da-da, Ba-ba). |
| 1 Saal | One-word Stage | Pehla arthpurna (meaningful) shabd bolna. |
| 1.5 - 2 Saal | Telegraphic Speech | Do shabdon ko jodkar bolna (Doodh do, Papa jao). |
| 3 Saal + | Complex Sentences | Poore vakya bolna aur sawal puchna. |
2. Bolne mein Deri (Speech Delay) ke Karan
- Hearing Problems: Agar bache ko sunayi nahi deta, toh woh bolna nahi seekh payega.
- Vatavaran (Environment): Ghar mein kam baatchit bhasha vikas ko dhima kar deti hai.
- Screen Time: Mobile/TV ka zyada istemal bachon ke bolne ki kshamta ko ghatata hai.
- Physical Issues: Tongue-tie ya palate mein koi dikkat hona.
Bhasha Vikas mein Teacher ka Role
- Storytelling: Roz naye shabdon ke saath kahaniyan sunayein.
- Rhymes & Songs: Gano ke zariye uchcharan (pronunciation) sudharein.
- Labeling: Classroom ki chizon (Table, Chair, Fan) ke naam batayein.
- Wait & Listen: Bache ko bolne ka pura mauka dein, beech mein na rokein.
⚠️ Warning Signs (Kab chinta karni chahiye?)
- Agar bacha 12 mahine tak Babbling na kare.
- Agar 18 mahine tak ek bhi Meaningful Word na bole.
- Agar 2 saal tak do shabdon ko jod na paye.
Exam Special: Practice Questions
Q1. "Babbling" kis umar mein shuru hoti hai?
(A) 0-2 mahine | (B) 6-10 mahine | (C) 5 saal
Sahi Jawab: (B) 6-10 mahine
Q2. "Telegraphic Speech" ka kya matlab hai?
(A) Sirf rona | (B) Do shabdon wale vakya bolna | (C) Kitab padhna
Sahi Jawab: (B) Do shabdon wale vakya bolna
Provided by All India Institute of Nursery Teacher Training (AIINTT) - New Delhi