Chapter 14: Samajikaran

Samaj ka Hissa Banna: Dosti aur Niyam Seekhne ka Safar

Samajikaran woh prakriya hai jiske dwara bacha apne samaj ke niyam, mulyon aur reeti-riwazon ko seekhta hai.

1. Samajikaran ke Mukhya Sadhan (Agents)

🏠 Parivar

Yeh bache ke samajikaran ki pehli aur sabse zaroori unit hai.

🏫 School

Yahan bacha niyam maanna aur disipline mein rehna seekhta hai.

👫 Saathi-Sangi

Doston ke saath khelte waqt bacha "Barabari" ka ehsas seekhta hai.

2. Bache Dost Kaise Banate Hain? (Stages of Play)

Mildred Parten ne khel ke 4 mukhya stages bataye hain:

🧩

Solitary Play (Akela): Bacha dusron se door apne hi khilonon mein magan rehta hai.

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Parallel Play (Samantar): Bache paas toh baithte hain lekin ek saath nahi khelte (Alag-alag ghar banana).

🤝

Associative Play (Sahachari): Bache khilone share karna aur baatein karna shuru karte hain.

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Cooperative Play (Sahakari): Dosti ki asli stage! Bache milkar niyam banate hain aur ek hi khel khelte hain.

3. Samajikaran mein Bhasha ka Role

Bhasha hi woh pul (**Bridge**) hai jisse bacha doston se apni baat kehta hai aur unki baat samajhta hai. Bina bolna seekhe, bacha samajik roop se thoda akela mehsoos kar sakta hai.

Nursery Teacher ke liye Checklist

Group Activities: Bachon ko group mein baithne aur team-work ke liye protsahit karein.
Sharing is Caring: Khilone ya lunch share karne ki aadat dalein, isse dosti mazboot hoti hai.
Conflict Resolution: Jhagda hone par bachon ko "Sorry" bolna aur dobara dosti karna sikhayein.

Exam Special: Practice Questions

Q1. Samajikaran ki pehli ikai (unit) kaunsi hai?

(A) School | (B) Parivar | (C) Library

Sahi Jawab: (B) Parivar

Q2. Jab do bache ek saath baith kar alag-alag khelte hain, toh use kya kehte hain?

(A) Parallel Play | (B) Solitary Play | (C) Cooperative Play

Sahi Jawab: (A) Parallel Play

Provided by All India Institute of Nursery Teacher Training (AIINTT) - New Delhi