MUSCLE COORDINATION
Chapter 8: Sharirik aur Motor Vikas
Physical & Motor Development: Sharir aur Manshpeshiyon par Control
1. Sharirik Vikas (Physical Development)
Bachon mein vikas ka matlab sirf height badhna nahi hai, balki unke sharir par control aana hai.
- Ossification: Bachon ki naram haddiyan dheere-dheere mazboot hoti hain.
- Brain Growth: 5-6 saal tak dimaag ka lagbhag 90% vikas ho jata hai.
- Proportions: Shuruat mein sir bada hota hai, baad mein pair aur torso tezi se badhte hain.
2. Motor Development (Karyatmak Vikas)
Ise "Muscle Coordination" bhi kehte hain. Ise do bhagon mein banta gaya hai:
Gross Motor Skills (Sthool)
Badi manshpeshiyon (haath/pair) ka istemal.
- Daudna aur Koodna
- Cycle chalana
- Ball phenkna
Fine Motor Skills (Sukshm)
Choti manshpeshiyon (ungliyan/kalaai) ka istemal.
- Pencil se likhna
- Sui mein dhaga dalna
- Block building
3. Pencil Pakadne ka Safar (Grip Development)
Nursery teacher ke liye bache ki "Grip" ko samajhna sabse zaroori hai.
1 - 1.5 Saal
Palmar Supinate: Bacha poori mutthi se crayon ya pencil pakadta hai.
2 - 3 Saal
Digital Pronate: Bacha ungliyon se pakadta hai lekin hath niche ki taraf hota hai.
3 - 4 Saal
Static Tripod: Bacha 3 ungliyon ka istemal shuru karta hai par kalai nahi hilti.
4 - 6 Saal
Dynamic Tripod: Sabse sahi pakad! Ungliyan aur kalai milkar chalti hain aur bacha sahi se likhta hai.
Nursery Teacher ke liye Checklist
- Activities: Mitti (clay) se khelna aur paper phadne ki activities se ungliyan mazboot karwayein.
- Observation: Agar 5 saal ka bacha sahi grip nahi bana paa raha, toh specialist ki salah lein.
- Writing Readiness: Jab tak Fine Motor Skills taiyar na hon, bache ko likhne ke liye majboor na karein.
Exam Special: Practice Questions (NTT)
Q1. "Sui mein dhaga dalna" kis tarah ka motor skill hai?
(A) Gross Motor | (B) Fine Motor | (C) Dono nahi
Sahi Jawab: (B) Fine Motor Skill
Q2. Dynamic Tripod grip kis umar mein aati hai?
(A) 1-2 saal | (B) 4-6 saal | (C) 10 saal baad
Sahi Jawab: (B) 4-6 saal
Provided by All India Institute of Nursery Teacher Training (AIINTT) - New Delhi